From boundary layers to bolts of lightning
Boundary Layer MeteorologyThe boundary layer is the lowest part of the Earth's atmosphere that is directly affected by contact with the surface of the earth. Although it has been studied extensively, it is still a difficult concept to parameterize in models without direct the input of observation. Land stations measure twice daily using radiosondes; however, the oceans pose a challenge. If there is no one present to take an observation, how do we know the properties of the boundary layer? The answer lies in remote sensing.
|
Intense lightning storms and their impact on the ionosphereThe ionosphere is part of the Earth's upper atmosphere, approximately located between the altitude levels of 80 km and 600 km. In this region of the atmosphere, electromagnetic (EM) photons from the sun ionize the inhabiting elemental compounds, encompassing the earth in an inhomogeneous layer of electrons and positive ions. Electron density varies diurnally with the zenith angle of the sun, reaching a maximum at the solar peak. However, studies suggest that the ionosphere is also sensitive to the occurrence of intense lightning, the extent to which is difficult to surmise. GPS radio occultation (RO) provides a means to observe vertical profiles of electron density throughout the ionosphere during a myriad of weather conditions, including thunderstorms. My current research investigates the possibility of observing a difference in electron density profiles that are near intense thunder storms compared to profiles that are retrieved in neutral conditions.
|
Asynchronous Photography
Corpus Christi, TX
Copyright 2017
Corpus Christi, TX
Copyright 2017